Q: Dear Ethics Lawyer, I just took yet another deposition in which the otherwise successful, intelligent businessperson being deposed appeared to have the memory of an old Commodore 64—she said “I don’t know” or “I don’t remember” to just about every question. And for those few questions she answered, she rephrased absolutely everything. For example, I asked her if it was in the scope of her duties to review and approve contract terms such as the one at issue? She said, “I don’t know what you mean by review and approve, but if you are asking if I did sometimes read them, the answer is yes. But I don’t remember whether I did so in this instance.” She had obviously been coached by her counsel to within an inch of her life. And I’d bet money that when it comes to summary judgment briefing or trial, her memory will have been “refreshed” and then she will remember a version of the facts favorable to her employer.
I’m thinking I’m playing out of the wrong playbook when it comes to witness preparation. Is there any ethical guidance on what’s in bounds and out of bounds?
The twice-monthly “Dear Ethics Lawyer” column is part of a training regimen of the Legal Ethics Project, authored by Mark Hinderks, former managing partner and counsel to an AmLaw 200 firm. Read More
Discovery Issues
June 3 Issue – Responsive Document Discovered Post Settlement
Q: Dear Ethics Lawyer, Not long after reaching a settlement agreement at mediation, but before the case is officially dismissed, our client discovered a cache of additional material documents responsive to discovery requests, that were not timely produced. The client does not wish to disclose them now because of the settlement agreement, saying that the case is now over with the negotiated resolution.
But the client did come forward to disclose the discovery to us as counsel. It is clear to us from the circumstances that the client did not know of the documents until the recent discovery, and acted in good faith in connection with the earlier production. May or must we make a disclosure to the opposing party, or the court?
May 15 Issue – Potentially False Client Deposition Testimony
Q: Dear Ethics Lawyer, Today I defended a deposition of my client. Toward the end of today’s session, my client was asked a question that we were expecting and had specifically discussed in the preparation session. But, unexpectedly, the client gave an answer that is the opposite of what she said in our preparation. I don’t know which version is true, but obviously she either was untruthful one time or the other, or changed her story in a significant way. I need some quick advice before the deposition concludes a week from now. I certainly do not want to participate in untruthful testimony. Is there a possibility I would have to disclose my client’s change of answer? This is not a good place to be. What do I do?
Continue Reading May 15 Issue – Potentially False Client Deposition TestimonyJanuary 2 Issue – Case Settled Based on Client Hiding Documents
Q: Dear Ethics Lawyer, We recently mediated a litigation matter for a demanding and difficult client whom I was happy to put in the rearview mirror. This morning, a couple of days after the settlement agreement was signed, and the client’s check conveyed, I ran into the client at a coffee shop. He pulled me aside and said he was really happy to have settled the case so easily, because (looking sheepish) it could have gone so much worse for him had the other side learned about some bad documents that he had kept in his drawer and not produced.
Shocked, I told the client we’d never work for him again, and that I’d have to consider what to do about his disclosure. He immediately said that I should do nothing because what he told me about the documents being withheld was privileged and confidential, and besides the matter was over now. Back at my office, I checked the status of the Order of Dismissal agreed to as part of the settlement. I learned that it has been submitted to the Court for signature, but has not yet been signed or filed. Do I have any obligation to do anything? Does the attorney-client privilege or Rule 1.6 mean I cannot reveal the client’s admission? Can I or should I tell anyone?
March 15 Issue – Settlement to Avoid Disclosing Client Fraud Lawyer Did Not Participate In
Q: Dear Ethics Lawyer, Our client was sued for breach of contract, and discovery requests were served with the complaint. I immediately reviewed relevant documents and determined that a constituent of the client had fraudulently entered the contract knowing it could not be performed, in order to boost sales figures upon which bonuses would be based on his way out the door. May we settle the case immediately for the full amount requested, or even confess judgment on the contract claim, in order not to reveal the fraud reflected in the internal documents that would otherwise have to be disclosed?
Continue Reading March 15 Issue – Settlement to Avoid Disclosing Client Fraud Lawyer Did Not Participate In